Exercise and the Body (cont.)

Complex carbohydrates are the best carbohydrates because of the lasting effect. The supplements that are on the market that can be helpful in exercise are supplements that contain L-carnitine and chromium. L-carnitine is helpful in the transportation of fatty acids, which come from dissolved fats, into the mitochondria(energy producing organelle) which is then used for energy production. Chromium, which can also be found in brewer's yeast, can correct impaired blood sugar tolerance by increasing the body's sensitivity to insulin. Chromium can also reduce cholesterol and raise levels of HDL.

One important factor that can impair exercise is smoking. The nicotine constricts terminal bronchioles of the lungs which reduces the oxygen exchange. Nicotine also paralyzes the cilia which are hair-like cells that propel foreign substances back out the airway. Smoke also irritates the lungs surfaces causing fluid to be secreted into the tubes of the lungs resulting in impaired oxygen flow.

Last but not least, the heart is greatly affected by exercise. In individuals that train for endurance, the heart output increases because of the heart chambers increase in size. The muscle walls of the heart also thicken and become stronger resulting in a stronger heart.